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Gemini CLI: Technical Reference & Operational Intelligence

Configuration

System Requirements

  • Node.js: 20+ required (18.17+ breaks auth flow with ECONNRESET error)
  • Platform: Linux, macOS, Windows 11 (Windows 10 not recommended)
  • WSL: Works with occasional permission/caching issues

Installation Methods

# Test before installing (recommended first step)
npx https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli --verbose

# Global install (preferred)
npm install -g @google/gemini-cli

# Homebrew (slower updates)
brew install gemini-cli

Authentication Options

Method Free Limits Use Case Setup Time
OAuth 60 req/min, 1K/day Development 2-5 minutes
API Key 100 req/day Scripting 1 minute
Vertex AI Enterprise limits Compliance 10+ minutes

Configuration Files

  • ~/.gemini/settings.json - Global config
  • <project>/.gemini/settings.json - Project overrides
  • GEMINI.md - Project context instructions
  • .geminiignore - AI-specific exclusions

Resource Requirements

Usage Patterns

  • Typical development session: 200-300 requests/day
  • Heavy debugging session: 400-600 requests/day
  • Response time: 3-4 seconds (normal), 15+ seconds (large codebases)
  • Context degradation: Starts at ~800K tokens

Performance Thresholds

  • Context window: 1M tokens (actually functional)
  • Large codebase: 180+ files cause 4x slower responses
  • Daily limits: Reset at UTC midnight
  • Rate limits: 60 requests/minute (free tier)

Critical Warnings

Authentication Failures

  • Node.js 18.17+: Breaks OAuth with cryptic ECONNRESET
  • WSL permission errors: npm global symlink creation fails
  • OAuth timeout: 5-minute limit, Ctrl+C and retry if hung
  • npx cache poisoning: npm cache clean --force required

Production Gotchas

  • Secret exposure: Exclude .env files or risk sending to Google
  • WSL config sync: Windows/WSL settings don't always sync
  • Context forgetting: Loses project structure mid-conversation
  • MCP servers: Most community servers abandoned (3 commits, 2024 updates)

Enterprise Concerns

  • Data retention: Google claims no long-term storage
  • Proprietary code: Security teams resist sending code to Google servers
  • Compliance: Vertex AI required for enterprise security theater

Decision-Support Information

vs Competition

Feature Gemini CLI GitHub Copilot Claude Code Cursor
Free usage 1K req/day 10 completions/month 20 msg/hour Limited
Context size 1M (works) 8K (forgets) 200K Variable
Monthly cost $0 $10 $20 $20
Terminal native Yes No Yes No
Web search Built-in No No No
File editing Full Autocomplete only Full Full

Implementation Trade-offs

  • Large context window vs slower responses with big codebases
  • Free generous limits vs Google will likely kill/monetize
  • Safety confirmations vs workflow interruption
  • Real-time search vs requires internet connection

Implementation Reality

What Actually Works

  • Context loading for large codebases (unlike competitors)
  • Multi-modal support (screenshots understood)
  • File operations with safety prompts
  • Google Search integration for current debugging
  • Polyglot language support (better than most developers)

Common Failure Modes

  • Authentication randomly breaks (restart required)
  • Overconfident suggestions break tests
  • Safety confirmations slow simple operations
  • Context degradation around 800K token mark
  • npx caching issues with MODULE_NOT_FOUND errors

Daily Usage Commands

# Start in project (auto-scans, respects .gitignore)
cd project && gemini

# Multiple directories (monorepos)
gemini --include-directories ../backend,../shared,../docs

# Script mode (CI/CD)
gemini -p "prompt" > output.json

# Checkpoint/restore for long sessions
/checkpoint
/restore

Troubleshooting Checklist

  1. Node version: Verify 20+ with node --version
  2. Clear cache: npm cache clean --force for npx issues
  3. Verbose mode: Always use --verbose for meaningful errors
  4. WSL users: Check npm global path permissions
  5. Auth timeout: Ctrl+C and retry OAuth flow

Resource Links

Risk Assessment

  • High probability: Google will monetize or discontinue (track record: Reader, Plus, Wave, Stadia)
  • Current advantage: Most generous free tier in market
  • Enterprise blocker: Security team resistance to code sharing
  • Technical debt: Dependency on Node.js 20+ ecosystem
  • Operational risk: No offline mode, internet dependency

Useful Links for Further Investigation

Actually Useful Gemini CLI Resources

LinkDescription
Gemini CLI GitHub RepositoryThe main repo with source code, docs, and issues. Actually maintained, which is shocking for Google. Check the README first before asking dumb questions elsewhere.
Official Google Cloud DocsEnterprise-focused documentation that's actually readable. Covers authentication and quotas without Google's usual documentation maze.
Interactive CodelabHands-on tutorial that doesn't assume you're already an expert. Takes about 30 minutes and covers the stuff you'll actually use.
Google Cloud Tutorial SeriesMulti-part series by Google engineers. Skip the first 3 paragraphs of marketing bullshit and jump to the technical parts.
DataCamp Practical GuideReal examples with actual code. Shows codebase analysis and automated testing scenarios you'll encounter in practice.
DEV Community WalkthroughStep-by-step with screenshots. Good for visual learners or when you're stuck on setup.
MCP Server IntegrationHow to connect external tools. Warning: most community MCP servers are abandoned weekend projects from some college kid.
Authentication GuideEvery auth method explained. OAuth is easiest, API keys for scripting, Vertex AI for enterprise compliance theater.
GitHub IssuesWhere to report bugs and request features. Maintainers actually respond, which is shocking for Google.
NPM PackageOfficial package with version history. Check this if your shit's not working - you're probably running an ancient version.
Security DocumentationWhat Google does with your code. Required reading if your company's paranoid about everything.
GitHub Actions IntegrationAutomate PR reviews and issue triage. Works better than expected for a Google Actions integration.
Enterprise DeploymentDocker setups and organization-wide configs. For when someone else pays the bills and wants compliance checkboxes.
Vertex AI Creative Studio ExamplesAdvanced MCP examples for media generation. Cool in theory, probably broken in practice.

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