Gemini CLI: Technical Reference & Operational Intelligence
Configuration
System Requirements
- Node.js: 20+ required (18.17+ breaks auth flow with ECONNRESET error)
- Platform: Linux, macOS, Windows 11 (Windows 10 not recommended)
- WSL: Works with occasional permission/caching issues
Installation Methods
# Test before installing (recommended first step)
npx https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli --verbose
# Global install (preferred)
npm install -g @google/gemini-cli
# Homebrew (slower updates)
brew install gemini-cli
Authentication Options
Method | Free Limits | Use Case | Setup Time |
---|---|---|---|
OAuth | 60 req/min, 1K/day | Development | 2-5 minutes |
API Key | 100 req/day | Scripting | 1 minute |
Vertex AI | Enterprise limits | Compliance | 10+ minutes |
Configuration Files
~/.gemini/settings.json
- Global config<project>/.gemini/settings.json
- Project overridesGEMINI.md
- Project context instructions.geminiignore
- AI-specific exclusions
Resource Requirements
Usage Patterns
- Typical development session: 200-300 requests/day
- Heavy debugging session: 400-600 requests/day
- Response time: 3-4 seconds (normal), 15+ seconds (large codebases)
- Context degradation: Starts at ~800K tokens
Performance Thresholds
- Context window: 1M tokens (actually functional)
- Large codebase: 180+ files cause 4x slower responses
- Daily limits: Reset at UTC midnight
- Rate limits: 60 requests/minute (free tier)
Critical Warnings
Authentication Failures
- Node.js 18.17+: Breaks OAuth with cryptic ECONNRESET
- WSL permission errors: npm global symlink creation fails
- OAuth timeout: 5-minute limit, Ctrl+C and retry if hung
- npx cache poisoning:
npm cache clean --force
required
Production Gotchas
- Secret exposure: Exclude .env files or risk sending to Google
- WSL config sync: Windows/WSL settings don't always sync
- Context forgetting: Loses project structure mid-conversation
- MCP servers: Most community servers abandoned (3 commits, 2024 updates)
Enterprise Concerns
- Data retention: Google claims no long-term storage
- Proprietary code: Security teams resist sending code to Google servers
- Compliance: Vertex AI required for enterprise security theater
Decision-Support Information
vs Competition
Feature | Gemini CLI | GitHub Copilot | Claude Code | Cursor |
---|---|---|---|---|
Free usage | 1K req/day | 10 completions/month | 20 msg/hour | Limited |
Context size | 1M (works) | 8K (forgets) | 200K | Variable |
Monthly cost | $0 | $10 | $20 | $20 |
Terminal native | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Web search | Built-in | No | No | No |
File editing | Full | Autocomplete only | Full | Full |
Implementation Trade-offs
- Large context window vs slower responses with big codebases
- Free generous limits vs Google will likely kill/monetize
- Safety confirmations vs workflow interruption
- Real-time search vs requires internet connection
Implementation Reality
What Actually Works
- Context loading for large codebases (unlike competitors)
- Multi-modal support (screenshots understood)
- File operations with safety prompts
- Google Search integration for current debugging
- Polyglot language support (better than most developers)
Common Failure Modes
- Authentication randomly breaks (restart required)
- Overconfident suggestions break tests
- Safety confirmations slow simple operations
- Context degradation around 800K token mark
- npx caching issues with MODULE_NOT_FOUND errors
Daily Usage Commands
# Start in project (auto-scans, respects .gitignore)
cd project && gemini
# Multiple directories (monorepos)
gemini --include-directories ../backend,../shared,../docs
# Script mode (CI/CD)
gemini -p "prompt" > output.json
# Checkpoint/restore for long sessions
/checkpoint
/restore
Troubleshooting Checklist
- Node version: Verify 20+ with
node --version
- Clear cache:
npm cache clean --force
for npx issues - Verbose mode: Always use
--verbose
for meaningful errors - WSL users: Check npm global path permissions
- Auth timeout: Ctrl+C and retry OAuth flow
Resource Links
- GitHub Repository - Main source, maintained
- Official Docs - Enterprise focus
- Interactive Tutorial - 30min hands-on
- GitHub Issues - Bug reports, maintainers respond
- NPM Package - Version history
Risk Assessment
- High probability: Google will monetize or discontinue (track record: Reader, Plus, Wave, Stadia)
- Current advantage: Most generous free tier in market
- Enterprise blocker: Security team resistance to code sharing
- Technical debt: Dependency on Node.js 20+ ecosystem
- Operational risk: No offline mode, internet dependency
Useful Links for Further Investigation
Actually Useful Gemini CLI Resources
Link | Description |
---|---|
Gemini CLI GitHub Repository | The main repo with source code, docs, and issues. Actually maintained, which is shocking for Google. Check the README first before asking dumb questions elsewhere. |
Official Google Cloud Docs | Enterprise-focused documentation that's actually readable. Covers authentication and quotas without Google's usual documentation maze. |
Interactive Codelab | Hands-on tutorial that doesn't assume you're already an expert. Takes about 30 minutes and covers the stuff you'll actually use. |
Google Cloud Tutorial Series | Multi-part series by Google engineers. Skip the first 3 paragraphs of marketing bullshit and jump to the technical parts. |
DataCamp Practical Guide | Real examples with actual code. Shows codebase analysis and automated testing scenarios you'll encounter in practice. |
DEV Community Walkthrough | Step-by-step with screenshots. Good for visual learners or when you're stuck on setup. |
MCP Server Integration | How to connect external tools. Warning: most community MCP servers are abandoned weekend projects from some college kid. |
Authentication Guide | Every auth method explained. OAuth is easiest, API keys for scripting, Vertex AI for enterprise compliance theater. |
GitHub Issues | Where to report bugs and request features. Maintainers actually respond, which is shocking for Google. |
NPM Package | Official package with version history. Check this if your shit's not working - you're probably running an ancient version. |
Security Documentation | What Google does with your code. Required reading if your company's paranoid about everything. |
GitHub Actions Integration | Automate PR reviews and issue triage. Works better than expected for a Google Actions integration. |
Enterprise Deployment | Docker setups and organization-wide configs. For when someone else pays the bills and wants compliance checkboxes. |
Vertex AI Creative Studio Examples | Advanced MCP examples for media generation. Cool in theory, probably broken in practice. |
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